In this presentation, I will discuss how different structural positions concerning gender and class may affect the students’ participation in musical activities in secondary school music education in Sweden. The research is part of my, soon to be finished, doctoral thesis in music pedagogy. The design could be described as a case study in which the cases represents differences regarding to social class. Each case has been analysed to find similarities and differences regarding what positions boys and girls accomplish in the classroom. My contribution to the discipline will primarily be to address the question of how differences in the students’ socioeconomic background, social class, intersects with gender, an intersection rarely addressed in music pedagogical research. I also hope to create a foundation to discussion differences created by the increasing segregation of the school system and the individual music teacher’s possibilities to compensate for the effects of this segregation.