Sweden has a strong history of exporting music, dating back several decades. Some notable examples include Björn Skifs' Hooked on a Feeling, which became the first Swedish song to reach number one on the American Billboard charts in April 1974, and the international success of ABBA in the mid-1970s. Since then, many Swedish artists have achieved international success and Swedish producers and songwriters, such as Max Martin, have played a crucial role in the success of numerous global artists. In this paper, we are presenting the findings of a case study that involves music and text analysis, literature studies, and interviews with key players in the Swedish music industry. The aim of this study is to determine if the export of Swedish music can be partly attributed to the innovative use of "bad English" in lyrics. We have analysed the lyrics of several international hit songs, including ABBA's Dancing Queen; Money, Money, Money; Does Your Mother Know? and The Winner Takes It All; Herreys' Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley and Ace of Base's All That She Wants. The study focuses on three interrelated aspects: 1) the relation between the lyrics and melody, 2) the meaning of the lyrics, and 3) the sound of the lyrics. Our findings indicate that during the 20th century and beyond, a variety of exciting genres of American popular music emerged and spread globally. However, in the 1960s and 1970s, non-English-speaking European countries embraced new styles of music with English lyrics that originated outside the USA and UK. At that time, many European artists were not fluent in English, which led to the emergence of 'bad English' in pop music. Before World War II, very few Swedish artists sang in English. After the war, English became a mandatory second language in Swedish schools. American rock 'n roll had a huge impact in mid-1950s Sweden, followed by British pop in the early 1960s. During the 1950s and 60s, many famous Swedish rock stars sang in English but their proficiency in the language was limited. In Sweden, it is customary to have subtitles for movies and TV shows instead of dubbing them. As most of the foreign movies and TV shows shown in Sweden are in English, Swedes have a good grasp of the language and are not hesitant to speak it, even if their speech isn't completely fluent or grammatically correct. The analysis indicates that Swedish songwriters often prioritize the sound of the lyrics over their meaning. They also focus on creating universally understood titles. As they may not be familiar with English idioms, homophones, homographs, homonyms, puns, and multiple meanings, their lyrics can fit the melody, rhyme, and sound good phonetically. However, this can result in lyrics that are charming and amusing to native English speakers, while also feeling slightly eerie as they are very similar to correct English grammar, but not quite. Although the lyrics are not strictly incorrect, they may appear odd and perhaps even innovative.
2024.
ABBA, Ace of Base, Bad English, Eurovision Song Contest, Herreys, Music Production, Popular Music